Among the technologies used are coagulation-flocculation-simple or lamellar precipitation for clarification of turbid and humus waters, fast or gravitational filtration of sand, slow filtration of sand, ion exchange for hard water treatment, ion exchange and reverse osmosis for desalination, biological treatment of organic matter, adsorption of activated carbon for disinfection, chlorination, ozonation and ultraviolet methods.
COAGULATION
The addition of certain chemicals to the water can change the detection of suspended solids and colloidal material, which will not settle on their own, leading to an increase in the size of the "Flocs" and thus easier precipitation. Coagulation is the rapid mixing of water by the addition of chemicals, the destabilization of colloidal and suspended solids, and the combination of destabilized solids.
FLOCULATION
After coagulation, "Flocs" tend to accumulate or bind together into larger Flocs. This can be aided by slow mixing, mechanical or air bubble or hydraulic mixing.
FILTRATION
Filtration is the process of passing water through a filter medium to preserve suspended solids that have not precipitated in raw water coagulated with chemicals and to obtain high quality drinking water.
